WPCB \.6@ 3  4 Z  5  8 6 v   7 T  8   9  p  10   11 < 12  13 X 14 6 15 t 16 R 17   18 n" 19  $ 20 :"& 21 #( 22 V% * 23 &4", 24 r(#. 25 *P%0 26 +&2 27 -l(4 28a:\custom.wpt " '  0 .     3"   ݛ  wXX w  NevadaAttorneyforInjuredWorkers# wn#   ^_w1000EastWilliamStreet,Suite213[ [ [   CarsonCity,NV89710 [ (702)6874076# w_^ # ^_w TBBԈ   555E.WashingtonAvenue,Suite4800 $$ LasVegas,NV89101 [ (702)4862830# w_^# xhH  Z6Times New Roman Regularc:\office\wpwin\template\legal\baker.wpt- -Ej13|xH? U  3"   ݛ wXX^_>w  LawOfficeofPatriciaF.Winnie  ТssssAddressAvenue,SuitexxxReno,NV89509#w_^#Ԅxxxx  702.xxx.xxxx   (3*$ !XX 8yXXdXXd8       d 'dxdxhH  Z6Times New Roman RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 ( +X  5X6XXX d  _kfI7'#`|Y!k# ` E>,ddv+P-k %%%%(!2$ !XX 8yXXdXXd8      5X6XXX d  R 3"   ݛ wXX  ӜLawOfficeofPatriciaF.Winnie  ТssssAddressAvenue,SuitexxxReno,NV89509xxxx702.xxx.xxxx   HxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular,  AZ"Arial Regular  3"   ݛ wXX  wLawOfficeofPatriciaF.Winnie#w#  |  ӢssssAddressAvenue,SuitexxxReno,NV89509xxxx702.xxx.xxxx;; Fax702.xxx.xxxx   hxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular v 3"    #jXX  #-@j)X -HalTaylor&W.KathleenBaker#)W' CX#  {  Ӝ)^^CW'ATTORNEYSATLAW  М3680GRANDDRIVE,SUITEGReno,NV895092@F(702)8252223;FAX(702)8253817##^Y^^C^ש#  dd ##j^^Y?#  3"   ݛ "z2XX  "&>z2LawOfficeofPatriciaF.Winnie#"z2&#  |  ӢssssAddressAvenue,SuitexxxReno,NV89509xxxx702.xxx.xxxx77A Fax702.xxx.xxxx     hxhH  Z6Times New Roman RegularxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular(3h/$ !XX 8yXXdXXd8        3"   ݛ (pXX  (Oh>pLawOfficeofPatriciaF.Winnie#(pOh#  |  333HolcombAvenue,SuitexxxReno,NV89509xxxx702.xxx.xxxx77A Fax702.xxx.xxxx     g d&0 d dxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular,K AZ"Arial RegularHP LaserJet 33000Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5  3"   ݛ .yXX  .xt@yLawOfficesofPatriciaF.Winnie#.yxt#  |  333HolcombAvenue,Suite150Reno,NV895021648702.324.0844 Fax702.xxx.xxxx   fxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular$^ I&mage <=8C HKKKK  3"   ݛ 1XX  1h.@LawOfficesofPatriciaF.Winnie#1h.#  |  333HolcombAvenue,Suite150Reno,NV895021648702.324.0844 Fax702.333.7360   fxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular(3h/$ !XX 8yXXdXXd8      (3h/$ !XX 8yXXdXXd8      (9 Z6Times New Roman Regular,  AZ"Arial Regularc2 3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)<3$>?CT< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5:i)($$   1  @@' dxdP Pd,cAZArial  O_ XX@# >G<^  _TREVA_ԀJ._HEARNE_,ESQ.#G4+ G<^G#    G^@ \G4+557Washington,LowerLevel  RENO,NV89503 RR @''(775)2843353;FAX(775)3372522  Ѐ#^\\G^@ f# jj  #\^## _&XX u&@# >uH TREVAJ.HEARNE,ESQ.#HHf#    H^\HPARRLAWOFFICES  910PARR_BLVD_.,#8 RR RENO,NV89512  @''(775)3295800;FAX(775)_3295819___Ԉ jj Ѐ#^v\\H^#   #u\^v#,K AZ"Arial Regular,K AZ"Arial Regular _ XX@^^  >L  LAWOFFICEOFHAGER&HEARNE#L LG#    L^\L910PARRBLVD.,#8  RENO,NV89512 RR @''(775)3295800;FAX(775)3295819  Ѐ#^n\\L^f# jj  #\^n# X      `     h      p    HAGER BLVDESTEVES LRHRAGSDALEBODMAN NeweSokopia ElkoOdger DannYombaDuckwaterWinnemuccaTimbisha gogaSu yahSteptoeWesten MoakCragun 1 1nd.Cl.Comm w[asentit[yth[isMohave,K AZ"Arial Regular0hCEKQW]cioAutoList91.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(O;$0  2#  a  .3  0` (#(#(գEGMSY_ekqAutoList101.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.&&&&)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  g$hA<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  !XX 8yXXdd8      _  %   BX6XXX BpXBX6ROBERTR.HAGER,ESQ.,#1482   p     910ParrBlvd.,#8 w Reno,NV89512 > Tel:775.329.5800 U Fax:775.329.5819  Attorneysfor_Plaintiffs h      p      x _    UNITEDSTATESDISTRICTCOURT  8 DISTRICTOFNEVADA v     WESTERNSHOSHONENATIONAL   COUNCIL,JOEKENNEDY,JOHNWELLS,   PAULINEESTEVES,andKEVINGILLETTE, Y   `    Plaintiffs,0  0%%0p%%CaseNo:7 p%p% v. `     h      p 򀀀MotionforPreliminary < ЀInjunction 󀀀 S Ѐ 򀀀   Ѐ  UNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA, X SAMUELW.BODMAN,Secretaryof o theUnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy, 6 andGALENORTON,Secretaryofthe  UnitedStatesDepartmentoftheInterior, t  `    Defendants. R ___________________________________/        ` COMESNOW,Plaintiffs,WESTERNSHOSHONENATIONALCOUNCIL,  $ JOEKENNEDY,JOHNWELLS,PAULINEESTEVESandKEVINGILLETTE, :"& andrespectfullyrequeststhatthisCourtheartheirargumentsthatprove #( violationsoftheirrightsundertheTreatywithTheWesternShoshone(hereinafter V% * theTreatyofRubyValley),1863Stat689,andgrantPlaintiffsapreliminary &4", injunctionagainstDefendantsundertheauthorityofFRCP65(a).The r(#. DefendantsaretheUnitedStatesofAmericaanditsagents,GaleNorton, *P%0 SecretaryoftheUnitedStatesDepartmentoftheInterior,andSamuelW. +&2 Bodman,SecretaryoftheUnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy,whohaveignored -l(4 therightsoftheWesternShoshoneNationanditspeopleandnowhaveseta .)6 scheduletoviolatetheTreatyofRubyValleyanddesecratethelandsofthe  WesternShoshonepeople,allindisregardfortheTreatyofRubyValleyandin > violationoftherightsoftheWesternShoshoneNationanditspeople.Theland  nowreferredtobyDefendantsasYuccaMountainislandwhichiswithinthe Z  boundariesoftheWesternShoshonelandscoveredbytheTreaty,andthe  8 WesternShoshonepeopleholdthelandsacredasapartoftheirlivesand v   culture. T   ` UnlessDefendantsareenjoinedbyorderofthisCourttostopthe   developmentofYuccaMountainasanuclearwasterepositoryandfrom  p  constructingarailroadandothertransportationfacilitiestotransportnuclear   wastetoYuccaMountain,theDefendantswilldefiletheearth,violateWestern < Shoshonespiritualprincipals,andviolatetherightsoftheWesternShoshone  NationanditspeopleundertheTreatyofRubyValley,allassetforthinthe X AffidavitofRaymondYowell,ChiefoftheWesternShoshoneNation,filed 6 concurrentlyherewith.Furthermore,theWesternShoshonepeopleandallpeople t willbedeprivedoftheuseofYuccaMountainforthepurposesagreedtobythe R partiestosaidTreaty.Thismotionismadeontheadditionalgroundthat   Plaintiffshavenoadequateremedyatlaw. n"  ` Furthermore,PlaintiffsrequestthatthisCourtmakeadeclarationthatthe  $ TreatyofRubyValleyprohibitsDefendantsfromactingtoauthorize,permitor :"& constructanynuclearwastestoragefacilityandanyrailroadorroaddesignedto #( transportnuclearwastetoanysuchfacility,onanylandscoveredbytheTreaty. V% * 4QBp ` #Bp4QZ#DATEDthis____dayofMarch,2005. &4",  `     h     HAGER&HEARNE r(#. 0 ` 0 ` %` %0 % %0h%%0h%h%0%%By: +&2 __________________________________U,'3%%  `     h      p ROBERTR.HAGER,ESQ. -l(4  `     h      p AttorneysforPlaintiffsQBp -3)5  .)6 Ї   #BpQ#POINTSANDAUTHORITIES   4QBp@@.D I. > @@&D#Bp4Q#CHRONOLOGYOFFACTS  U    ` Beforethememoryoftheelderspresentlylivingandinthestorieshanded  downfromgenerationtogenerationbyoraltradition,theWesternShoshonehave ! q watchedthesunsetoverthedesertwiththeRubyMountainsrisingupbehind    andaroundthem.TheRubyMountainstotheeastandthedeserttothewest =   actedasgreatsilentbarriersprotectingthepeoplefromtheincursionofwhite   emigrantsettlementformany,manyyears.TheWesternShoshonelivedin Y  bandsoffamiliesandmigratedasthefoodsupplyrequiredoverthemillionsof 7  acresoftheGreatBasinandbeyondclaimedastheirhomeland. u  ` OnJanuary29,1863oneofthemostbrutalmassacresofnativeIndians S occurrednearwhatarenowtheOregonandUtahborders.See,_Ontoko_,Gale,   Thunderoverthe_Ochoco_,VolumesIV.,MaverickPublications. The o massacrewasaimedatannihilatingtheremnantoftheWhiteKnifewarriorsand  theirfamiliesoftheShoshonebands.Afterthismassacre,manyofthefollowers ; wentwithChief_Washakie_ԀtoWindRiver,Wyoming,wheretheEasternShoshone  havesettled. W!  ` SeveralsmallbandsfledtotheGreatBasinwithseparateWhiteKnife 5# warriorsastheirprotection.Thesesmallbandsjoinedtheirrelativesandmainly s!% hidinremoteareaslikeRubyValley,CrescentValley,Winnemucca,Battle #Q' Mountain,andElko,Nevada,andDeathValleywhereverylittlewhitesettlement $) hadoccurredandwhereShoshonepeoplehadlivedsincebeforerecordedtime. &m!+ AfterthelastShoshoneWarinBattleMountainin1878,manyoftheShoshone '"- settledinhiddenencampmentsandtraveledbystealth,asaresulttheywere 9)$/ referredtoashomelessShoshone.Theywere,however,homeinthelands *&1 wheretheirpeople,theWesternShoshoneNation,hadbeenforcenturies. U,'3  ` In1863theWesternShoshonewerescatteredoverthelandsofwhatlater -3)5 becamereferredtoastheStateofNevadainsettlementsandranchesoftheir  ownaswellaswanderingbandsthatmovedfromencampmenttoencampment. > TherailroadandcertainmininginterestsapproachedtheUnitedStates  governmenttogivethemtheauthoritytobeginoperationsintheGreatBasinand Z  toallowtherailroadtobebuiltthroughwhatwasobviouslyShoshoneterritory.  8 TheWesternShoshoneNation,theWhiteKnifewarriorsandtheotherscattered v   Shoshonewereenticedtoenterintoatreaty,nowreferredtoastheTreatyof T  peaceandfriendshipofRubyValley,knownbytheShoshonepeopleas Bah   _Gah_ԄZoo . TreatywiththeWesternShoshone,1863";18Stat.689,RatifiedJune  p  26,1866,ProclaimedOctober21,1869(The TreatyofRubyValley)(Exhibit1) .   ThisTreatyallowedtheUnitedStatesofAmericatohavecertainusufructruary < rightsinthelandsoftheWesternShoshone.TheTreatyallowedtherailroadsto  buildacrosslandsrecognizedasbelongingtotheShoshoneandallowedmining, X ranching,anddevelopmentsofsettlementsonthelandsdescribedintheTreaty. 6 TheseactivitiesweretheonlyusesthattheWesternShoshoneagreedtoallow t undertheTreaty.TheWesternShoshonehaveneverintendedtonoractually R participatedinanyactthatwoulddiminishtheirrightsundertheTreaty.The   WesternShoshonehaveneveragreedtomodifytherestrictionsonuseagreedto n" bytheTreaty,norhastherightoftheWesternShoshoneundertheTreatyto  $ restrictuseeverbeenwaived. :"&  ` TheDefendantsNortonandBodmanhaveintentionallydesignatedYucca #( MountainastherepositoryforhighlevelnuclearwasteintheUnitedStatesand V% * forsomeEuropeancountries.(PressreleaseoftheDOE,February14,2005)The &4", WesternShoshonehaveneverviolatedtheTreatyofRubyValleyandcontinueto r(#. asserttheirrightsundertheTreaty.(Crum, TheRoadOnWhichWeCame , A *P%0 HistoryoftheWesternShoshone )TheDefendantshavefailedtoseekthe +&2 permissionandconsentoftheWesternShoshonepeopletousetheYucca -l(4 MountaininamannernotcontemplatednorallowedundertheTreatyofRuby .)6 Valley.   ` TheDefendantshaverecentlydeterminedaschedulefordevelopingthe > nuclearwasterepositoryatYuccaMountainandhavestated,directlyorthrough  agents,thattheywillfiletheirlicenseandbeginpermittingandapprovingsaid Z  nuclearwasterepositoryandtheconstructionofarailroadthroughthesocalled  8  CalienteCorridorbytheendof2005.ThisisthefinalstepbytheDefendants v   todevelopthenuclearrepositoryandnootherentityhasstoppedthe T  developmentasthePlaintiffshaveanticipatedwouldoccur.Accordingly,   Plaintiffsarecompelledbythedutytheyhavetoprotecttheirsacredlandsfrom  p  thisthreateneddesecrationandabomination,onbehalfofthemselvesandall   otherWesternShoshonepeople,tobringthisactionandseekthisreliefbefore < DefendantsmakegoodontheirpromisetoimmediatleybeginlicensingtheYucca  Mountainnuclearwastedumpproject. X  ` TheuseofYuccaMountainasanuclearwasterepositorywillmakeit 6 unapproachableandunusablebyhumanbeingsfortheusesagreedtounderthe t Treaty,andthelandwillbedefiledandlosttothefuturegenerationsofthe R WesternShoshonepeopleforsolongastheyendurebecauseofthe   contaminationandtheprohibitionsofthegovernmenttokeepitclosed.Yucca n" MountainwillnolongerbeknownasthelandwhichtheUnitedStatesofAmerica  $ causedtobeusedandsharedwiththeWesternShoshoneaspromisedunder :"& theTreaty,butinsteadasthefinalrestingplaceofthemosttoxicanddeadly #( substancesknowntomankindbroughtfromfarawaylandsforthesolepurpose V% * ofbeingdumpedthere. &4",  ` NoagentorrepresentativeoftheDefendantUnitedStatesofAmericaever r(#. disclosedin1863totheWesternShoshoneNationoritsrepresentativeswho *P%0 signedtheTreatythattheintentionoftheUnitedStateswastoacumulatetoxic, +&2 radioactivewastefromaroundthecountryandworldanddepositthesameon -l(4 anylandscoveredbytheTreaty.TheWesternShoshoneNationwouldnotand .)6 didnot,anddoesnotnow,consenttosuchinconceivabledegradation,  desecrationanddefilementoflandswhicharecoveredbytheTreaty.The > WesternShoshoneNationhasbeensingledoutforthistreatmentbyDefendants  becausetheNationisnotrichorpowerful,andthePlaintiffslooktothisCourtand Z  prayforthereliefrequested,sothattheWesternShoshonepeoplecanfulfilltheir  8 promiseandthedutytheyowetofuturegenerationstoprotecttheearthby v   preventingDefendantsthreatenedproject. T   @.DII.  p  @CC#DAPRELIMINARYINJUNCTION 7  @~~'DISAPPROPRIATE.     A.THEPETITIONERSWILLSUFFERIRREPARABLEHARMIFTHE < INJUNCTIONISNOTGRANTED  S    ` TheDefendantshaveactedintheirdesignationofYuccaMountainasa  nuclearwasterepositoryandhaveactedandthreatentofurtheractinamanner o thatwillviolatethetreatyrightsoftheWesternShoshonepeople.  Injunctiverelief  isappropriatewhentheplaintiffwillsuffer irreparableharmandwhenthe ; plaintiffshows areasonableprobabilityofsuccessonthemeritsofitsclaim.  _Barahona_Ԁ&Gomezv.Reno,164F.3d1228,1234(9thCir.1999).Inthiscase, W! injunctivereliefisappropriatebecausePlaintiffswillsufferirreparableharmby 5# losingtheuseoftheirlandsatYuccaMountain.Furtherinjunctivereliefis s!% appropriatebecauseintendtoconstructroadsandarailroadtotransportthe #Q' radioactivewastetoYuccaMountain.ThePlaintiffshaveahighprobabilityof $) successbasedupontherightsgiventothemintheTreatyofRubyValley. &m!+  ` Thesetwotestsforissuanceofapreliminaryinjunction arenotseparate, '"- butratherrepresenttheouterreachesofasinglecontinuum.LosAngeles 9)$/ MemorialColiseumv.NationalFootballLeague,634F.2d1197,1201(9thCir. *&1 1980). U,'3  -3)5 8 ` Atoneendofthecontinuum,themovingpartyisrequiredtoshow  bothaprobabilityofsuccessonthemeritsandthepossibilityof w irreparableinjury.>` (#` (# Lopezv.Heckler,713F.2d1432,1435(9thCir.1983).   ` Fouroftheguidingfactorsrelieduponbythecourtstodeterminewhethera Z  preliminaryinjunctionisappropriatearelistedasfollowsinWright&Miller,  8 FederalPracticeandProcedure:Civil,2948: v   0 ` (1)Thesignificanceofthethreatofirreparableharmtoplaintiffifthe T  injunctionisnotgranted; ` %` % 0 ` (2)Thestateofthebalancebetweenthisharmandtheinjurythatgranting   theinjunctionwouldinflictonthedefendant;Y ` %` % 0 ` (3)Theprobabilitythatplaintiffwillsucceedonthemerits;and, p ` %` % 0 ` (4)Thepublicinterest.7 ` %` %  ` MountainStatesTelephone&TelegraphCo.v.Dept.ofPublicService u Regulation,588F.Supp.5,8(D.C.Montana1983),alsosee,_Barahona_ԄGomezv. < Reno,citedsupra. S  `  TheirreparableharmtotheNationisthelossoftheuseofitslandsand  thelossofthepartoftheirlandsreferredtoasYuccaMountainand_Caliente_ o Corridor. Thememberssufferthelossoftheuseoftheirlandssofarintothe  future,tensofthousandsofyearsthatitisthesameasforever. ; @.DB.   @((DWHENTHECOURTWEIGHSTHEIRREPARABLEHARMTOTHE@@@ @ @ @ @ @ COLONY,@@y y D W! @  +DTHEHARM n" @ DTOTHEPLAINTIFFSISSUBSTANTIAL. 5#   I ` ThesecondconsiderationoftheCourt,istheweighingoftheharmtothe :"& PlaintiffswithouttheinjunctionversustheharmtotheDefendantsiftheinjunction #( isgranted.AsstatedinPartA,hereinbefore,theNationanditspeoplesuffered V% * thelossoftherighttotheuseoftheirnativelandsandlosetherighttopreserve &4", fortheirfuturegenerationstherighttotheirsacredsites.Theonlyharmtothe r(#.  Defendantsisthattheymustfindanothersiteoranotheralternativetogeological *P%0 storageofnuclearwaste. +&2  ` Apreliminaryinjunction/temporaryrestrainingorderis anextraordinary -l(4 remedy,whichshouldbegrantedonlyinlimitedcircumstances.InstantAir .)6 FreightCo.v.C.F.Freight,Inc.,882F.2d797,800(3dCir.1989).Thisremedy  shouldonlybegrantedwherethemeritsofthecaseclearlyfavoronepartyover > theother.See,_Remlinger_Ԁv.Nevada,896F.Supp.1012,1015(_D.Nev_.1995).  The_Remlinger_Courtexplainedthat: Z  8 ` 8 ` (#` (#  Thecasesbestsuitedtopreliminaryreliefare  8 thoseinwhichtheimportantfactsareundisputed,and    thepartiessimplydisagreeaboutwhatthelegal v   consequencesareofthosefacts.Thecourtinsucha =   casecantaketheundisputedfacts,applythelawto T  them,andfairlyeasilydecidewhichpartyislikelyto   prevail.    ` Apartyseekingapreliminaryinjunctionmustmeetastandardasexplained  p  bytheCourtswhichincludes:   Q8 ` 8 ` (#` (#themovingpartymaymeetitsburdenbydemonstrating < either(1)acombinationofprobablesuccessonthe S meritsandthepossibilityofirreparableinjury;or(2)that  seriousquestionsexistandthebalanceofhardships  tipssharplyinitsfavor.X  򀀀_Cassim_Ԁv.Bowen,824F.2d791,795(9thCir.1987) 6 Thislatterformulationrepresentstwopointsontheslidingscaleinwhichthe t requireddegreeofirreparableharmincreasesastheprobabilityofsuccess R decreases.See,OaklandTribune,Inc.v.ChroniclePublishingCo.,762F.2d   1374,1376(9thCir.1985).Underthistest,aplaintiffmustdemonstratethe n" existenceofasignificantthreatofirreparableinjury.4QBp  $  ` #Bp4QxV#Contaminationbynuclearwasteisthemostsignificantthreatofirreparable :"& injurythatexists.Theabilityofhumanbeingstocomprehendtheenormityofthe #( nuclearcontaminationisstretchedtoitslogicalextreme.TheDepartmentof V% * Energyforecaststhatitwillbeginclosurewithinthreehundredyears,butitalso &4", forecaststhatthesitewouldnotbeaccessibleforthousandsofyears.The r(#. amountofwastenowprojectedforstoragefromtheUnitedStatesaloneexceeds *P%0 100,000metrictonsaccordingtotheDepartmentofEnergy.AstheCourtstated +&2 in NuclearEnergyInst.,Inc.v.EPA, 373F.3d1251(D.C.Dist.2004), nuclear -l(4 wastehasthecapacitytooutlasthumancivilizationasweknowitandto .)6 devastatehumanhealthandtheenvironment.FromtheD.C.CourtofAppeals  case,weknowthat10,000yearsisnotlongenoughtoconsidertheimplications > oftheburialofnuclearwasteatYuccaMountain.     ` Irreparableharmcouldnotbemore substantialthantomeasureitin Z  termsofmorethan10,000years.TheWesternShoshonehaveheldclaimtothe  8 landlongerthanrecordedtime,longerthananyothergroupofhumanbeingsthat v   weknowand,yet,wouldbedeprivedmoreintothefutureoftheirlandthanthe T  timeforwhichtheyhaveclaimedit,giventhetoxicityofnuclearwasteproposed   tobeburiedthere.  p  @.D C.   @mm DTHEWESTERNSHOSHONENATIONIS < @I I DLIKELYTOPREVAILUPONTHEMERITSOFITSTREATYCLAIM.  S ] ` TheTreatyofRubyValleyisavalidandbindingcontractbetweenthe  UnitedStatesandtheWesternShoshoneNation.TheTreatyofRubyValleyis o enforceablebylaw.  0 ` 0 ` %` %Article5oftheTreatyofRubyValleystatesasfollows: ; ЀItisunderstoodthattheboundariesofthecountryclaimedand R occupiedbysaidbandsaredefinedanddescribedbythemas  follows:OnthenorthbyWonggogadaMountainsandShoshone   RiverValley;onthewestbySunontoyahMountainsorSmith W! CreekMountains;onthesouthbyWicobahandtheColorado n" Desert;ontheeastbyPohonobeValleyorSteptoeValleyand 5# GreatSaltLakeValley. $ % %  ` TheboundariesdescribedinArticle5aregenerallyshowninthemap :"& attachedheretoasExhibit1.Thisisthemapapprovedandadoptedbythe #( WesternShoshoneNationalCouncilasanaccuraterepresentationofthelands V% * ownedandoccupiedbytheWesternShoshoneNation.UndertheTreatyof &4", RubyValley,theWesternShoshoneNationgrantedtheUnitedStatescertain r(#. privilegesforuseandaccessofthelanddescribedintheTreaty. *P%0  ` TheWesternShoshoneNationcontinuestohaverightstothelands +&2 describedinExhibit1.TheWesternShoshoneNationcontinuestooccupyand -l(4 useasubstantialportionoftheWesternShoshonelands.TheTreatyofRuby .)6 ValleyprovidesforcertaineasementsinfavoroftheUnitedStatesandthe  peopleoftheUnitedStatesgenerally.Thoseeasementsinclude: > 0 `  Article2:  Theseveralroutesoftravelthroughthe_Shoshonee_  country,noworhereafterusedbywhitemen,shallbeforeverfree,and Z  unobstructedbythesaidbands,fortheuseofthegovernmentofthe  8 UnitedStates,andofallemigrantsand_travellers_Ԁunderitsauthorityand v   protection,withoutmolestationorinjuryfromthem.T ` %` % 0 `  MilitarypostsmaybeestablishedbythePresidentoftheUnited   Statesalongsaidroutesorelsewhereintheircountry;andstationhouses  p  maybeerectedandoccupiedatsuchpointsasmaybenecessaryforthe   comfortandconvenienceof_travellers_Ԁorformailortelegraphcompanies. < Ѐ Article3:  ...telegraphandoverlandstagelineshavingbeen  establishedandoperated...maybecontinuedwithouthindrance, X molestation,orinjury...Andfurther,itbeingunderstoodthatprovisionhas 6 beenmadebythegovernmentoftheUnitedStatesfortheconstructionofa t railwayfromtheplainswesttothePacificocean,itisstipulatedbythesaid R bandsthatthesaidrailwayoritsbranchesmaybelocated,constructed,   andoperated,andwithoutmolestation... n" Ѐ Article 4: Itisfurtheragreedbythepartieshereto,thatthe  $ _Shoshonee_Ԁcountrymaybeexploredandprospectedforgoldandsilver,or :"& otherminerals;andwhenminesarediscovered,theymaybeworked,and #( miningandagriculturalsettlementsformed,andranchesestablished V% * wherevertheymayberequired.Millsmaybeerectedandtimbertakenfor &4", theiruse...r(#.` %` %  ` NeitherArticles2,3,or4oftheTreatyofRubyValleyprovideforthe *P%0 UnitedStatestohavetherighttodevelopanuclearwasterepositorythatwill +&2 renderthelandtoxicforanyotheruse.Thiswoulddestroythereversionimplied -l(4 infavoroftheWesternShoshonepeoplebytheuseeasementgrantedtothe .)6 UnitedStatesbytheTreaty.   ` Inthelate19thcenturyandthroughoutthe20thcentury,miningand > agriculturalsettlementswereformedandrancheswereestablishedonthe  WesternShoshonelandsand,inkeepingwiththeTreatyprovisions,theWestern Z  ShoshonepeoplehavenotwagedwaragainsttheUnitedStatesduringtheuse  8 oftheselands.TheWesternShoshonepeoplecontinuetooccupyandusetheir v   landsandcontinuetoholdthelandinreverenceastheplacethattheirfuture T  generationswillmaketheirhome.   0 ` 0 ` %` %Theoldpeopleusedtosaythatthetrees,therocks,thebirds,and  p  theanimalsusedtotalk.Theyhaveavoice,andtoday,asIrealize 7  it,theystillhaveavoice.Mypeoplealwayssaythatyouhaveto   takecareoftheminorderforyoutocontinueon.Ifyoudont,when u theydieoff,youaregoingtodieoffwiththem.< % %  0 ` 0 ` %` % TheWayitIs,OneWater...OneAir...OneMotherEarth, by  _Corbin_Ԁ_Harney_,SpiritualLeaderoftheWesternShoshoneNation,  BlueDolphinPublishing,1995.X % %  ` s ` TheTreatyofRubyValleyof1863isstillinforceandnoneoftherights 6 undertheTreatyhavebeenwaivedbytheWesternShoshoneandnoneofthe t rightsundertheTreatyhavebeenabrogatedbyCongress.Congressmust R clearlyexpressanintenttoabrogateIndiantreatyrights.See, UnitedStatesv.   Dion, 476U.S.734,90_L.Ed_.2d767,106_S.Ct_.2216(1986). n"  ` TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthecurrenttenantofthe_usufructruary_  $ rightstothelandsoftheWesternShoshoneforthoseusesspecifiedinthe :"& Treaty.Thecurrenttenant,theUnitedStates,isrequiredtotakereasonable #( stepstopreventdeteriorationofthepropertyinanticipationofitstransferupon V% * thereversionaryinterestoftheNation.TheUnitedStatesuseofits_usufructuory_ &4", rightstodevelopanuclearwastedumpisapermissivewasteoftheproperty r(#. whichwillresultinthelossofthepropertyforotheruseforsomethingover *P%0 10,000years.Theappropriateremedyforpermissivewasteisgenerallyan +&2 injunction. See,WhiteMountainApacheTribev.U.S., 249F.3d1364,1371 -l(4 (_Fed.Cir_.2001).Reasoningbyanalogy,theWesternShoshonesinterestinthe .)6 propertyisanindefeasiblyvestedfutureinterestandtheUnitedStateshasa  presentinterestinthe_usufructuory_Ԁrightsonly.Forthisreason,theWestern > ShoshoneNationwillprevailastheTreatypreservesthelandsfortheWestern  ShoshonepeoplesubjectonlytotherighttotheusesspecifiedintheTreatyfor Z  thebenefitoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaanditsemigrantsettlers.  8  ` EveniftheCourtshoulddeterminethattheWesternShoshoneNationonly v   retainstherighttousethelandsthatweregrantedtoitundertheTreatyofRuby T  Valley,theUnitedStatescannotdeprivetheNationofthoserightsentirelyby   contaminatingthelandbeyondalluse.YuccaMountainwillsopervasively  p  contaminatethelandsoftheWesternShoshonethatthelandswillbelosttoany   usewhatsoever. <  ` WHEREFORETHEABOVESTATEDREASONS,thePlaintiffs,  respectfullyrequestthattheCourtenjointheDefendantsfromtakinganyfurther X stepstolicenseordeveloptheYuccaMountainasanuclearwasterepository 6 dumponthelandsoftheWesternShoshoneNationinviolationoftheTreatyof t RubyValley.  R  ` Datedthis____dayofMarch,2005.    `     h     LAWOFFICEOFHAGER&HEARNE n"  `     h     __________________________ :"&  `     h     ROBERTR.HAGER,ESQ. #Q'  `     h     910ParrBlvd.,#8 #(  `     h     Reno,NV89512 $)  `     h     775.329.5800 V% *  `     h     AttorneyforPlaintiffs &m!+  `     h